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Today the notion of distance is very different from its real meaning.

Mankind achieved to make distances closer with the help of developed technology. In the past, the desire of covering long distances in a shorter time gave first the idea of tyre, then steam.

The human kind, producing the tyre, headed to produce fast vehicles in order to shorten the duration of the journey.

This brought the idea of using steam in the produced vehicles on the agenda.

Vehicles which operated with machine power were produced. The first example of them was made by Newton in 1680. Newton gave the name automobile to it as this produced a machine which first moved without human power.

After that date, the use of steam developed mostly as regards locomotive.

First, the use of steam in locomotives was revised by D. Robinson and it gave an inspiration to Trewithick.

The most developed model of locomotive was drawn by George Stephenson after Trewithick who moved the locomotive on rail first. Stephenson started working in Killing-worth coal mine where his father was working too. His duty was to throw coal into the furnace. While he was working, the machine which run on steam affected him so much that while he examined the machine, he found a lot of mistakes in it.

In the following years, by selfstudy, he worked in the Killing-worth coal mine as a technician.

While he was working there, he got interested in the development of locomotive and he created a totally new and better machine.

 

Working Style

Locomotives work with 2 basic thing:

1.  Steam

2.  Electricity

 

Steam Locomotives

These locomotives have been used on railways for over 100 years. These locomotives are used especially to transport cargo with railway cars. There are 2 basic part on a contemporary locomotive.

 

1. Steam cauldron

2. The mechanism winding the axels

 

Working style of the steam locomotives

Locomotives are worked by burning coal. Under the steam cauldron, which is one of the 2 basic partes of the locomotive, the coal burns and it is sent to the pistons so it constitutes the steam.

It also makes the wheels to turn.

There are also dangers in these type of locomotives.

For example: the feeding water, which is used in the steam cauldron, abradesit as time passes and causes explosions.

Electric Locomotives

These locomotives which appeared in the early 1920s were produced in various styles and power.

These locomotives which have a power that can increase to 8000KW nowadays have advantages for their easy usage and easy handling. There are 2 types:

 

1) With Diesel Motor

2) Providing the fundamental electricity from outer sources

Locomotives using the diesel motor work by using 1-2 motor. Energy is transferred with hydraulic or electric power to locomotives. Hydraulic transfer occurs after the diesel motor movement.

The other style devives its fundamental electric from a wire which is stretched above the railway.

Since the generator which is worked by the electric from the wire provides the electric stream, the pistons turn.

Trains were developed by developing cargo and fare transportation.

Trains whose speed and capacity were increased by developing technology have various usages as metro, high- speed trains etc.

Locomotive has had great importance on transport since the past. It is the ancestor of train and it makes nowadays life easier.

 

Bibliography

· http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lokomotif, Kul Wadhwa, Wikipedia, 28 April 2008

· http://e40003.me.metu.edu.tr/Buharlilar,Ergün Tönük, METU, 14 July 2008

 

Turkish